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Excellent Negative: Discipline in the home and classroom should "accentuate the positive." A search through more than a thousand biographies (124, p. 140, 1935) revealed that rewards, in retrospect at least, were considered to be almost universally beneficial, whereas punishment appeared to do harm twice as often as good. In certain homes and schools the ratio of sincere and individualized approval to blame has been increased with excellent negative results; it might advantageously be as high as fifty to one. Children who have a high ratio of positive to negative experiences tend to be co-operative, pleasant, enthusiastic. Children who have a low ratio of positive to negative experiences tend to be mean, disturbing, and to show other behavior problems.
5. Never be too proud to reshoot a poor negative. Did you make an error in exposure? Did your tripod slip and cause a fuzzy negative? Or did you make one of the other dozens of errors which can almost but not quite ruin a negative? If so, do not try to cover up by struggling with the negative by means of darkroom trickery, but instead shoot the picture over again if that is at all possible. To reshoot is to confess a measure of failure to "your client, of course, but you can make up for that by going all-out for a masterpiece on your second try.
To take these small portraits, Disderi first made a wet-plate negative with a special Camera that had four lenses and a plateholder that could be slid from side to side. Four exposures were made on each half of the plate; thus eight poses could be taken on one negative. A single print from this negative could then be cut up into eight separate portraits. Unskilled labor was used for this work; the production of the cameraman and printer was thus increased eightfold. |
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